This one is emotional, of course. After all, AM radio is one of the very oldest uses of the radio spectrum (beginning ~1919), as evidenced in part by the Medium Frequency band on which it began and still operates. There isn't much other remaining on-air activity that predates it on the spectrum, perhaps just the Maritime Service, a few Public Coastal stations (overseas telegrams), and the Amateurs. AM broadcasting is one of Mother Spectrum's first children, and it will be sad to see it go.

But it should go. It's been operating essentially unchanged through a turbulent period in the advance of technology and telecommunications, and it just doesn't fit well any longer. As a medium it can't compete effectively, its audience is growing smaller, the economics are poor, and in the long run it's probably best just to close it down, with appreciation and admiration, and to move forward. The Curmudgeon will try to make that case.

By FCC mandate, for decades now the U.S. has been supplied with dual band AM-FM consumer radios. Everyone in the US has access to the broadcast FM band; everyone appreciates the inherent quality advantage that FM (stereo) possesses. AM's declining market share and limited variety of programming amply indicate that fact.

There was once a time when broadcast AM radio signals reached far across the sparsely-populated countryside, bringing news and entertainment to isolated rural communities. The existence of a dozen or so clear channel nighttime AM station assignments in those days ensured that everyplace in America could be connected to the major population centers in a way never before possible.

But not anymore. The clear channel AM station assignments have long since passed into history. Just about every burgh now has its own FM station, or can receive service from a nearby city. Satellite radio can rain signals down onto almost every location in the continental US, bringing more programming and diversity on one carrier than exists on the entire AM broadcast band. The Internet can provide world-wide radio programming in dizzying abundance.

So what is the current state of AM Let's look at the engineering side first. There have been no major improvements in the basic transmission system for perhaps seventy-five years. Its old technical limitations still remain restricted audio frequency bandwidth, no inherent noise immunity for reception, and an engineering nightmare in spectrum management because of the nighttime ionospheric propagation. The VHF broadcast FM band has none of these.

And there's not much hope for future AM improvement either. Well, there is AM HD transmission (i.e., IBOC). True, it does help close some of the performance gap with FM. But IBOC, as it is currently practiced, really requires 20 kHz (occupied bandwidth) channels; just look at a spectrum analyzer to see for yourself. So, if you want to rescue the AM band with IBOC, then plan to re-engineer the entire band on a 20 kHz channel raster.

From an economic viewpoint, AM cannot compete with FM in musical programming, which comprises the majority of the radio broadcast arena. All AM programming now provides (typically) is newssportstalk. And all of these formats certainly would fit into FM just as well. There really is nothing in AM programming that is unique any longer. Amos and Andy, along with the great networks, are now long gone.

It's come to this we just don't need AM broadcasting any longer! We can move forward quite well with terrestrial FMsatelliteInternet radio. So, with many a tear bouncing off his desktop, the Curmudgeon says Let's just sunset it! Let's pick a date, perhaps fifteen to twenty years in the future, on which, with great nostalgia and fanfare, we will just turn it off. The same way we should handle the future cessation of terrestrial television broadcasting.

And many of the same planning points will apply to the sunseting of AM radio as apply to terrestrial television. The present broadcasters should receive accelerated depreciation tax credits for their transmission plants and the value of their licenses. They also can expect handsome windfalls from the eventual sale of their transmitter sites, around which communities have grown. These are now very valuable parcels of land!

But what about continuance of their programming, post sunseting Aha, technology to the rescue! Their programming, the newssportstalk channels, will fit quite nicely on the HD-2, HD-3 channels, etc., of city-of-license VHF-FM stations. In fact, at least one major metropolitan all-news AM station has already begun simulcasting its entire main program stream on the HD-2 channel of a company-owned FM station in the same city. Indeed, everything worth saving can be fit into FM HD.

Finally, once we will have liberated over one Megahertz of Medium Frequency spectrum, what in the world can we then do with it That question took some thinking on the part of the Old Curmudgeon, but at least one clear answer did finally emerge.

With the wide land coverage area inherent in MF transmission, the AM Megahertz would be ideal for a broadband regional data distribution service for the Public Safety community! What a wonderful asset it might become the ability to push maps, photographs, drawings, and text messages out simultaneously to first responders everywhere, engaged in major disasters and emergencies! And to do so in a way that no VHFUHFmicrowave system could do. That alone is worth the price of admission. Re-using the band for this purpose is almost poetic after all, Public Safety one-way voice dispatch began, in the 1930s and 1940s, with the use of AM transmitters on channels just above the top end of the conventional AM broadcast band!

So let's bid a sad farewell to AM broadcasting, with all the echoes of its past greatness. We love you, we'll remember you, but we're moving forward now.

This is emotional, of course. After all, the AM radio is one of the oldest uses of the entire radio spectrum (from ~ 1919), as evidenced in part by the medium frequency band in which it started and still works. There is not much air left in the other activity that is earlier in the spectrum, perhaps only the Maritime Service, some public coastal stations (telegrams abroad), and fans. AM broadcasting is one of the first children of the spectrum of the Mother, and will be sad to see him go.

But there you go. It was essentially the same operation through a turbulent period in the advancement of technology and telecommunications, and that does not fit any longer. As a means it can not compete effectively, its audience is shrinking, the economy is poor, and in the long run it's probably best just to close, with appreciation and admiration, and to move forward. The curmudgeon to try to make that case.

Mandated by the FCC, for decades the U.S. has been provided with dual band AM-FM radios to consumers. Everyone in the U.S. have access to the FM broadcast band, everyone appreciates the advantage of the inherent quality of FM (stereo) holds. The decrease in PM's market share and the limited variety of programming widely indicate that fact.

There was once a time when AM radio signals come across the sparsely populated area, with news and entertainment to isolated rural communities. The existence of a dozen free channel overnight AM station assignments in those days said Everyplace in America could be connected to the major population centers in a way never before possible.

But not anymore. Clear Channel AM station assignments have long since passed into history. Almost all of the burgh now has its own FM station, or can be serviced by a nearby city. Satellite Radio signals can rain down almost everywhere in the U.S. Continental, with more diverse programming and an airline that exists throughout the AM broadcast band. The Internet can provide worldwide radio programs in the abundance of vertigo.

So what is the current state of the AM Let's look at the engineering side first. There have been major improvements in the basic transmission system of about seventy-five years. Old technical limitations remain limited bandwidth, audio frequency, not the inherent noise immunity for the reception, and an engineering nightmare spectrum management due to ionospheric propagation overnight. The VHF FM broadcast band has none of these.

And there is much hope for the future of AM or improvement. Well, no transmission of high definition AM (ie, IBOC). True, it does help to close some of the differences in performance with FM. However, IBOC, as currently practiced, actually requires 20 kHz (occupied bandwidth) channels, just look at a spectrum analyzer to see for yourself. Therefore, if you want to rescue the AM band IBOC, then the plan to redesign the whole band in a web of channels of 20 kHz.

From an economic point of view, can not compete with the FM music programming, which includes most of the radio broadcasting arena. All programming is now offering AM (usually) is a news  sports  talk. And all those formats would certainly fit in FM as well. There's really nothing in the programming of AM that is unique for longer. Amos and Andy, along with the major networks are now a thing of the past.

It has come to this that there is no need for AM broadcasting longer! We can move quite well with FM terrestrial  satellite  Internet radio. Therefore, with many tears bouncing your desktop, the curmudgeon says Let's 'sun' that! Let's pick a date, maybe fifteen or twenty years into the future, which, with great nostalgia and fanfare, we will just turn it off. In the same way we manage the future cessation of terrestrial television broadcasting.

And many of the points in the planning also apply to AM radio sunseting that apply to terrestrial television. These stations should receive accelerated depreciation tax credits for its transmission facilities and the value of their licenses. They can also expect handsome windfall profits from the eventual sale of their transmission sites, around which the communities have grown. These are very valuable parcels of land!

But what about the continuity of its programming after sunseting Aha, the technology to the rescue! Its programming, news  sports  talk channels, fits quite well in the HD-2, HD-3 channels, etc., of the city-de-licensing VHF-FM stations. In fact, at least one of the major metropolitan news AM station has begun simulcasting its flow throughout the main program on the HD-2 channel of an FM station owned by the same city. In fact, saving everything worthwhile can be embedded in HD FM.

Finally, once you have liberated more than one megahertz frequency spectrum average, which in the world can we do with it That question took some ideas on the part of the old curmudgeon, but at least a clear answer finally emerged.

With the surface coverage inherent in the transmission from Monday to Friday, the Megahertz AM would be ideal for a regional broadband service data distribution for the public safety community! What a wonderful asset that could become the possibility of maps, photographs, drawings and text messages simultaneously to the first responders in all parts, dealing with major disasters and emergencies! And to do so in a way that no system of VHF  UHF  Microwave could do. That alone is worth the price of admission. Re-use of the band for this purpose is almost poetic After all, public safety one way to send voice began in 1930 and 1940, with the use of AM transmitters in the right channels above the upper end of the conventional AM band!